Jupiter's upper atmosphere experiences differential rotation. It rotates at different speeds thanks to the variance within the atmosphere and its unusual shape. this might even be partly thanks to the very fact that Jupiter is nearly entirely gaseous.
Jupiter consists of 10% helium and 90% hydrogen, and also has traces of "rock", ammonia, water and methane. this is often quite just like the composition of the Solar Nebula, which formed the system . Saturn's composition is extremely almost like Jupiter's, but Neptune and Uranus have much less helium and hydrogen.
The facts about Jupiter that we will claim surely about the inside of the earth (as well because the other gas planets) is merely indirect knowledge, and it seems likely that it'll remain thus. the info that scientists have received from the probe Galileo only extends to 150 kilometers below the tops of the clouds.
Scientists hypothesize that the core of Jupiter is formed of rocky materials of a mass that equals ten to fifteen planets the dimensions of Earth.
Above Jupiter's core is that the bulk of the gas planet, which is metallic liquid hydrogen. These are an equivalent electrons and protons found within the interior of the sun, but at a way lower temperature. On Jupiter, the hydrogen may be a liquid, not a gas, and it conducts electricity. it's the source of the magnetic flux of Jupiter. It also likely contains helium and a few sorts of "ices".
Jupiter's outermost layer is formed up primarily of ordinary helium and hydrogen. Other simple molecules are present in minute amounts within the atmosphere.
Scientists seeking facts about Jupiter expected to seek out an honest deal of oxygen in Jupiter's atmosphere, but data from the probe Galileo suggests that Jupiter has much less oxygen than exists round the sun.
Jupiter and its sister gas planets have winds of high velocity that are confined in broad latitude bands. The winds in adjacent bands blow in several directions. the coloured bands that dominate the planet's appearance are the results of slight temperature and chemical differences between the bands. The darker bands are called belts and therefore the lighter bands are referred to as zones.
Information from the Galileo probe has indicated that the winds of Jupiter are faster than scientists expected - about 400 mph. Galileo also found that the atmosphere of Jupiter is extremely turbulent. This tells us that the planet's winds are driven more by internal heat, instead of like Earth's winds, which are driven by heat from the sun.
The bright colors one can see within the clouds of Jupiter are presumably the results of chemical reactions of the trace elements within the atmosphere of the earth . Facts about Jupiter indicate that this might perhaps involve sulfur, whose compounds are known to require on many various colors.
The colors seem to be correlated with the altitudes of the clouds - reds are highest, then whites and browns, with blue rock bottom . Sometimes scientists are ready to see the lower layers of the atmosphere through holes within the upper layers.
The Great Red Spot of Jupiter has been seen by observers for over 300 years. it's actually an oval, about 12,000 by 25,000 km, large enough to carry two planets the dimensions of Earth. Other, smaller spots are seen for many years . Observations using infrared, and therefore the sort of rotation indicate that the good Red Spot is really a neighborhood of high , with cloud tops colder and better than the encompassing regions. There are similar "structures" seen on Neptune and Saturn. it isn't known how these high regions can last for therefore long.
Jupiter radiates more energy than it gets from the sun. Jupiter's interior is hot - probably about 12,000 degrees kelvin. Jupiter doesn't produce energy an equivalent way the sun does, however. The sun's energy comes from fusion , but Jupiter's interior is just too cool for nuclear reactions to require place.
Jupiter has a particularly large magnetic flux - tons stronger than Earth's. The magnetosphere extends quite 650 million kilometers away - past Saturn's orbit. Facts about Jupiter confirm that its moons lie inside the scope of its magnetosphere.
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